BAB II
ENGLISH TENSES TIMELINE
II.1Simple Present Tenses
This
is the form of the Simple Present of “To Be”:
Subject
|
Be
(is, am, are) + Complement
|
|
I
|
Am
|
……………….
|
We
/ You / They
|
Are
|
……………….
|
He
/ She / It
|
Is
|
……………....
|
· We use am with I.
· We use are with we, you, they, and
with all plural subjects
· We use is with he, she, it, and all
singular subjects in the third person.
I
|
am
|
a
teacher
|
I
|
am
|
Indonesian
|
you
|
are
|
a
student
|
She
|
Is
|
diligent
|
He
|
Is
not
|
a
TV repoter
|
Samsul
|
Is
|
17
years
|
They
(example : James and Jane)
|
are
|
film
starts
|
We
|
are
|
happy
|
You
and I (= We)
|
are
|
on
Holiday
|
Ice
|
Is
|
cold
|
It
|
Is
not
|
sunday
|
Running
every week
|
Is
|
healthy
|
To
study hard
|
Is
|
Very
good
|
What
he wants to buy
|
is
|
a
new car
|
This
is the form of the Simpe Present Tenses of “ Read,
Learn, Stop, Speak, Go”, etc :
Subject
|
Present
Tenses or Verb-1
|
||||
I/We/You/They
|
Read
|
learn
|
Stop
|
speak
|
Go
|
He/She/It
|
reads
|
Learns
|
stops
|
speaks
|
goes
|
· We use read, learn, stop, speak and go
with I, we, you, they.
· We use reads, learns, stop, speaks and
goes with he, she, it, and all singular subjects in the third person.
The
students
|
Speak
|
English
on Wednesdays
|
They
|
Learn
|
Mathematics
everday
|
I
|
finish
|
My
job
|
They
bus
|
Stops
|
At
the bus stop
|
They
Earth
|
Revolves
around
|
The
Sun
|
The
Sun
|
Rises
|
In
the east
|
Smoking
|
Damages
|
Your
lungs
|
That
this food contains poison
|
Surprises
|
All
of us
|
To
love him
|
brings
|
Her
to Europe
|
This
is the form of the Present Continuous /Progressive Tenses of “Practice, Watch,
Discuss, Leave”,etc : 1A
Subject
|
Be
(is/am/are)
|
+Verb-1+ing…
|
||
I
|
Am
practising
|
Am
watching
|
Am
discussing
|
Am
leaving
|
We/You/They
|
Are
practising
|
Are
watching
|
Are
discussing
|
Are
leaving
|
He/She/It
|
Is
practising
|
Is
watching
|
Is
discussing
|
Are
leaving
|
· We use am practising, am watching, am discussing, am leaving with I.
· We use are practising, are watching, are discussing, are leaving
with we, you they, and with all plural subjects.
· We use is practising, is watching, is discussing, is leaving with he, she, it and all singular subjects in the third
person.
Examples :
They
|
Are practicing
|
English now
|
I
|
Am watching
|
TV at the moment
|
We
|
Are discussing
|
a problem
tomorrow
|
Anita
|
Is writing
|
a letter now
|
We
|
Are leaving
|
For Sumatra next
week
|
This is the form
of the Present Perpect Tense of “ read, Returned, Lived, Written”, etc:
Subject
|
have/has + Verb
Past Participle or Verb3
|
+...........................................
|
||
I
|
have read
|
have returned
|
have lived
|
have written
|
We/You/They
|
have read
|
have returned
|
have lived
|
have written
|
He/She/It
|
has read
|
has returned
|
has lived
|
has written
|
We use have read,
have returned, have lived, have written with I, we, you, they, and with all
plural subjects
We use has read,
has returned, has lived, has written with he, she, it and all singular subjects
in the third person.
Examples:
Rita
|
has read
|
the letter
|
I
|
have turned on
|
the letter
|
Rina
|
have just
returned
|
the light
|
Those people
|
have lived
|
in Java for 25
years
|
Irwansyah
|
has worked for
|
PT. Astra
Internasional In Jakarta
|
Mr. Simon
|
has written
|
three books this
month
|
That old man
|
has smoked
|
ten cigarettes
today
|
The worker
|
has painted
|
the wall
|
We
|
have eaten up
|
all apple
|
This is the form
of the Present Perfect Continuous/Progressive Tense of “ Learn, Travel, Visit, Do “, etc:
Subject
|
have/has + Verb
Past Participle or Verb-3 + ....................
|
|||
I
|
have been learning
|
have been traveling
|
have been visiting
|
have been doing
|
We/You/They
|
have been learning
|
have been traveling
|
have been visiting
|
have been doing
|
He/She/It
|
has been learning
|
has been traveling
|
has been
visiting
|
has been doing
|
·
We use have been
learning, have been traveling, have been visiting, have been doing with I, we, they, and with all plural
subjects.
· We use has been learning, has been traveling, has been visiting,
has been doing with he, she, it, and
all singular subjects in the third person.
Examples :
She
|
has been
learning
|
English since
she was in Elementary School
|
I
|
have been
traveling
|
to Australia
since 10 o’clock
|
I
|
have been
visiting
|
Bogor Palace
|
They
|
have been doing
|
a TOEFL test
preparation
|
Greg
|
has been playing
|
tennis for five
hours
|
The mechanic
|
has been
repairing
|
his car
|
This is the form
of the Simple Past
tense of “TO BE”:
Subject
|
was/were
|
+....................................................
|
I
|
was
|
......................................................
|
We/You/They
|
were
|
......................................................
|
He/She/It
|
was
|
.......................................................
|
·
We use was with I
·
We use were with we, you, they, and with all plural subjects
·
We use was with he, she, it, and all singular subjects in the third
person.
Example :
I
|
was
|
a student at
that time
|
Farida
|
was
|
a teacher in
1975
|
He
|
was
|
a TV reporter
|
You
|
were
|
an actor then
|
We
|
were
|
there yesterday
|
Rose
|
was
|
busy last night
|
It
|
was
|
a nice day
|
Her daughter
|
was
|
in Japan for 5
years
|
They
|
were
|
at the beach
last Saturday
|
Mr. Simon and
Mrs. Grace
|
were
|
in Semarang a
week ago
|
This is the form
of the Simple Past
Tenseof “Visit, Meat, Busy, Build”,
etc:
Subject
|
Verb-2
|
+.......................................................
|
|||
I/We/You?They
|
visited
|
met
|
bought
|
built
|
went
|
He/She/It
|
visited
|
met
|
bought
|
built
|
went
|
We use visited, met, bought, built, went, with: I, we, you, they, and he, she, it, and all singular and plural subjects.
Examples :
I
|
visited
|
Bali Last year
|
|
Rini
|
met
|
her old friend
|
|
Mr. Hasan
|
bought
|
a new car two
day ago
|
|
They
|
went
|
to China
yesterday
|
|
Thomas A Edison
|
invented
|
Electricity
|
|
This hotel
|
was build
|
in 1975
|
|
Amanda
|
worked for
|
TV7 for ten
years
|
|
This is the of the Past Countinuous or Progressive Tense of “Watch,
Attend, Do, Ask”, etc:
Subject +
was/were + Verb-1 + ing
|
WHEN or WHILE
|
Subject + Verb-2
|
||
Subject + Verb-2
|
Subject +
was/were + Verb-1 + ing
|
|||
I
|
was watching
|
was attending
|
was doing
|
was asking
|
We/You/They
|
ware watching
|
was attending
|
was doing
|
ware asking
|
He/She/It
|
was watching
|
was attending
|
was doing
|
was asking
|
·
We use was
wathching, was attending, was doing, was working with I, he, she it,
and all singular subjects in the third
person.
·
We use were
watching, were attending, were doing, were asking with we, you, they, and
with all plural subjects.
Examples:
Someone knocked the
door
|
when
|
I was watching TV
|
Adam was talking to
the policeman
|
while
|
his wife was crying
|
I met Lenny
|
when
|
she was attending a party
|
She was having
lunch
|
while
|
a beggar was asking for
money
|
They were doing
their jobs
|
when
|
the bomb exploded
|
